Block #384,823

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 2/1/2014, 9:18:08 AM · Difficulty 10.4023 · 6,424,109 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
3ac7d4dd3d4802f56c4efc9704350ffbad2d0bf0a1fe76d662d1297bb9a1da1c

Height

#384,823

Difficulty

10.402255

Transactions

12

Size

4.62 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a66fa2b

Nonce

22,740

Timestamp

2/1/2014, 9:18:08 AM

Confirmations

6,424,109

Merkle Root

210c88a3b288944dcfc2e3c3ed3eb01c83ac59541453861c483cbf71b2cc771a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.527 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15274095719195479910…83795859465850594379
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.527 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15274095719195479910…83795859465850594379
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.527 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15274095719195479910…83795859465850594381
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
3.054 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30548191438390959820…67591718931701188759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
3.054 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30548191438390959820…67591718931701188761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
6.109 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
61096382876781919641…35183437863402377519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
6.109 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
61096382876781919641…35183437863402377521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.221 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12219276575356383928…70366875726804755039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.221 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12219276575356383928…70366875726804755041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.443 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
24438553150712767856…40733751453609510079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.443 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
24438553150712767856…40733751453609510081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,715,513 XPM·at block #6,808,931 · updates every 60s
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