Block #38,475

2CCLength 8★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 7/14/2013, 12:06:44 PM · Difficulty 8.1890 · 6,771,208 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
c2ba268a899b9a9dfa644e746608fcfdf2c939b084c09197e2c7afda250346c6

Height

#38,475

Difficulty

8.189005

Transactions

1

Size

205 B

Version

2

Bits

083062a2

Nonce

77

Timestamp

7/14/2013, 12:06:44 PM

Confirmations

6,771,208

Merkle Root

81f18248633d6e331bb23c25700bc0842299079f0c1314549379be88ea6bb6d6
Transactions (1)
1 in → 1 out14.8900 XPM109 B
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.917 × 10¹⁰⁸(109-digit number)
59177598993338518458…36412988909594679851
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.917 × 10¹⁰⁸(109-digit number)
59177598993338518458…36412988909594679851
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.183 × 10¹⁰⁹(110-digit number)
11835519798667703691…72825977819189359701
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.367 × 10¹⁰⁹(110-digit number)
23671039597335407383…45651955638378719401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.734 × 10¹⁰⁹(110-digit number)
47342079194670814766…91303911276757438801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
9.468 × 10¹⁰⁹(110-digit number)
94684158389341629533…82607822553514877601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.893 × 10¹¹⁰(111-digit number)
18936831677868325906…65215645107029755201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.787 × 10¹¹⁰(111-digit number)
37873663355736651813…30431290214059510401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
7.574 × 10¹¹⁰(111-digit number)
75747326711473303626…60862580428119020801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 8 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 8

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,721,539 XPM·at block #6,809,682 · updates every 60s
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