Block #382,817

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/31/2014, 12:07:22 AM · Difficulty 10.3997 · 6,433,123 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
bae604c358b0f038abc73829c2069c338423733d925719d14949256c7e546447

Height

#382,817

Difficulty

10.399666

Transactions

8

Size

2.60 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a66508b

Nonce

112,130

Timestamp

1/31/2014, 12:07:22 AM

Confirmations

6,433,123

Merkle Root

9197135982e5ce4ad5e7740f902bc52d3f305d15ce719f4532d47410fae0420d
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.056 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10568039437267126811…09075556145284989439
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.056 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10568039437267126811…09075556145284989439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.056 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10568039437267126811…09075556145284989441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.113 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
21136078874534253622…18151112290569978879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.113 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
21136078874534253622…18151112290569978881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
4.227 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
42272157749068507244…36302224581139957759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
4.227 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
42272157749068507244…36302224581139957761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
8.454 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
84544315498137014488…72604449162279915519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
8.454 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
84544315498137014488…72604449162279915521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.690 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
16908863099627402897…45208898324559831039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.690 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
16908863099627402897…45208898324559831041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,771,633 XPM·at block #6,815,939 · updates every 60s
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