Block #382,310

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/30/2014, 2:49:58 PM · Difficulty 10.4052 · 6,426,324 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
ab46bf930accb4b217f899a811451c0047cc758958160f2b6934970e92c53a48

Height

#382,310

Difficulty

10.405201

Transactions

10

Size

2.92 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a67bb49

Nonce

156,745

Timestamp

1/30/2014, 2:49:58 PM

Confirmations

6,426,324

Merkle Root

d4c826a0d08db28a6fa776e8afd4c27eb3b8574b25e2b7a5fb3528085a3883da
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.987 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
29875248578117048543…56837185878646198719
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.987 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
29875248578117048543…56837185878646198719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.987 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
29875248578117048543…56837185878646198721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
5.975 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
59750497156234097086…13674371757292397439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
5.975 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
59750497156234097086…13674371757292397441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.195 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11950099431246819417…27348743514584794879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.195 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11950099431246819417…27348743514584794881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.390 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
23900198862493638834…54697487029169589759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.390 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
23900198862493638834…54697487029169589761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.780 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
47800397724987277669…09394974058339179519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.780 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
47800397724987277669…09394974058339179521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,713,123 XPM·at block #6,808,633 · updates every 60s
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