Block #381,782

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/30/2014, 6:37:15 AM · Difficulty 10.4010 · 6,428,377 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
ec59eb37cbd7edf79aa04fff63b5d0552d2d2c1ce763d6bcfea6392806a49c22

Height

#381,782

Difficulty

10.401006

Transactions

10

Size

3.26 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a66a85a

Nonce

355,162

Timestamp

1/30/2014, 6:37:15 AM

Confirmations

6,428,377

Merkle Root

3d36b0115e46d554bd94b2393d9de7ddefd7c0b75574b4eb195159ffe7b132bf
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.725 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
67258393441874982443…57948476600944258579
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
6.725 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
67258393441874982443…57948476600944258579
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
6.725 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
67258393441874982443…57948476600944258581
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.345 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
13451678688374996488…15896953201888517159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.345 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
13451678688374996488…15896953201888517161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.690 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
26903357376749992977…31793906403777034319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.690 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
26903357376749992977…31793906403777034321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.380 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
53806714753499985954…63587812807554068639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.380 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
53806714753499985954…63587812807554068641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.076 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
10761342950699997190…27175625615108137279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.076 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
10761342950699997190…27175625615108137281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,725,338 XPM·at block #6,810,158 · updates every 60s
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