Block #380,588

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/29/2014, 9:07:16 AM · Difficulty 10.4118 · 6,445,684 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
f3f803168047f2d7dc3f174df43fd2420bac2e1cb0e5cf2ad3bb8d22d96f5cba

Height

#380,588

Difficulty

10.411771

Transactions

12

Size

3.21 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6969da

Nonce

87,408

Timestamp

1/29/2014, 9:07:16 AM

Confirmations

6,445,684

Merkle Root

91ba04b50126547290f2cabce9e4f728684f3d2f6e1855573c2937f4103bd7c4
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.237 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
72370587150709054199…56071460018493225919
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.237 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
72370587150709054199…56071460018493225919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.237 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
72370587150709054199…56071460018493225921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.447 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
14474117430141810839…12142920036986451839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.447 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
14474117430141810839…12142920036986451841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.894 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
28948234860283621679…24285840073972903679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.894 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
28948234860283621679…24285840073972903681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.789 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
57896469720567243359…48571680147945807359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.789 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
57896469720567243359…48571680147945807361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.157 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
11579293944113448671…97143360295891614719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.157 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
11579293944113448671…97143360295891614721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
2.315 × 10¹⁰⁷(108-digit number)
23158587888226897343…94286720591783229439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,854,312 XPM·at block #6,826,271 · updates every 60s
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