Block #379,533

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/28/2014, 2:29:45 PM · Difficulty 10.4188 · 6,435,280 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
1a2b659615547b5e138348dcb1cdb14fc89210d237b6fed724b810d2dd1f7eb7

Height

#379,533

Difficulty

10.418799

Transactions

7

Size

2.79 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6b3664

Nonce

43,053

Timestamp

1/28/2014, 2:29:45 PM

Confirmations

6,435,280

Merkle Root

e2bee935642e34e3fa9eb4f7aa4d9887ac32b919e26fd0433613b99535674fc1
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.814 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
18146704007716857521…12837269937043005439
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.814 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
18146704007716857521…12837269937043005439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.814 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
18146704007716857521…12837269937043005441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
3.629 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
36293408015433715043…25674539874086010879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
3.629 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
36293408015433715043…25674539874086010881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
7.258 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
72586816030867430087…51349079748172021759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
7.258 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
72586816030867430087…51349079748172021761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.451 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14517363206173486017…02698159496344043519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.451 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14517363206173486017…02698159496344043521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.903 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
29034726412346972034…05396318992688087039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.903 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
29034726412346972034…05396318992688087041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,762,590 XPM·at block #6,814,812 · updates every 60s
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