Block #379,424

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/28/2014, 12:58:04 PM · Difficulty 10.4171 · 6,415,125 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
8190120c25dc05dd2f65699ff93dacc4d7eefa578ce41d7779abc7a344a51f2a

Height

#379,424

Difficulty

10.417134

Transactions

6

Size

19.64 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6ac946

Nonce

1,146,149

Timestamp

1/28/2014, 12:58:04 PM

Confirmations

6,415,125

Merkle Root

0cd762aa479fe358efc12a13d4e2d9249dd8509b2714351e9837c4fc0343dba3
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.303 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
43038335377128158926…34742234626188108799
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.303 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
43038335377128158926…34742234626188108799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.303 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
43038335377128158926…34742234626188108801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
8.607 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
86076670754256317852…69484469252376217599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
8.607 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
86076670754256317852…69484469252376217601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.721 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
17215334150851263570…38968938504752435199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.721 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
17215334150851263570…38968938504752435201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.443 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
34430668301702527140…77937877009504870399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.443 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
34430668301702527140…77937877009504870401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
6.886 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
68861336603405054281…55875754019009740799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
6.886 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
68861336603405054281…55875754019009740801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,600,433 XPM·at block #6,794,548 · updates every 60s
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