Block #377,679

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/27/2014, 7:36:27 AM · Difficulty 10.4184 · 6,438,627 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
adebc352065aa32b1cc2fe528457e82442bfcdce4f0149cb1980507f1e9ee86b

Height

#377,679

Difficulty

10.418375

Transactions

10

Size

3.40 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6b1a9b

Nonce

408,432

Timestamp

1/27/2014, 7:36:27 AM

Confirmations

6,438,627

Merkle Root

54a4c9a665bdccbf3ed33b3b26e8df3ad1a3bc1a15cae1d1411a546bc791b872
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.669 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
26693098686772118082…16411981412642666969
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.669 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
26693098686772118082…16411981412642666969
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.669 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
26693098686772118082…16411981412642666971
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
5.338 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
53386197373544236164…32823962825285333939
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
5.338 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
53386197373544236164…32823962825285333941
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.067 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10677239474708847232…65647925650570667879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.067 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10677239474708847232…65647925650570667881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.135 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21354478949417694465…31295851301141335759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.135 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21354478949417694465…31295851301141335761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.270 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
42708957898835388931…62591702602282671519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.270 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
42708957898835388931…62591702602282671521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,774,568 XPM·at block #6,816,305 · updates every 60s
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