Block #376,940

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/26/2014, 6:16:30 PM · Difficulty 10.4251 · 6,430,878 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
356973e1db7c90500719563620ff388f725dccd61a932a3c1cfc6e1ff774a7e2

Height

#376,940

Difficulty

10.425136

Transactions

6

Size

2.12 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6cd5b2

Nonce

234,631

Timestamp

1/26/2014, 6:16:30 PM

Confirmations

6,430,878

Merkle Root

16c3ee66c673758138c89b0e3c06dc580283e537de9e7e382012bce343e0e0cd
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.327 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
63273972826397203241…37480993473917056559
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
6.327 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
63273972826397203241…37480993473917056559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
6.327 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
63273972826397203241…37480993473917056561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.265 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12654794565279440648…74961986947834113119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.265 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12654794565279440648…74961986947834113121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.530 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
25309589130558881296…49923973895668226239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.530 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
25309589130558881296…49923973895668226241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.061 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
50619178261117762593…99847947791336452479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.061 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
50619178261117762593…99847947791336452481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.012 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10123835652223552518…99695895582672904959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.012 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10123835652223552518…99695895582672904961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,706,579 XPM·at block #6,807,817 · updates every 60s
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