Block #373,561

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/24/2014, 9:56:50 AM · Difficulty 10.4241 · 6,434,154 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
a0c79c856375650b9fb597357759df4b6653bc657f4c6bd428d0e21032d7e1e6

Height

#373,561

Difficulty

10.424135

Transactions

7

Size

1.96 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6c9423

Nonce

57,622

Timestamp

1/24/2014, 9:56:50 AM

Confirmations

6,434,154

Merkle Root

c91ad193471493783d6d81d9a67b5a5fef5d44277b1ca4c49d45e8297399b453
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.847 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
58471666196370839661…28195372897319818239
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.847 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
58471666196370839661…28195372897319818239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.847 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
58471666196370839661…28195372897319818241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.169 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11694333239274167932…56390745794639636479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.169 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11694333239274167932…56390745794639636481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.338 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
23388666478548335864…12781491589279272959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.338 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
23388666478548335864…12781491589279272961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.677 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
46777332957096671728…25562983178558545919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.677 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
46777332957096671728…25562983178558545921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
9.355 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
93554665914193343457…51125966357117091839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
9.355 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
93554665914193343457…51125966357117091841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,705,753 XPM·at block #6,807,714 · updates every 60s
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