Block #373,382

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/24/2014, 6:45:38 AM · Difficulty 10.4254 · 6,443,567 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
8cef5316dbb6a986d2eb67c4903e025d498952ac8c378af60c2ac7231588f693

Height

#373,382

Difficulty

10.425443

Transactions

10

Size

2.87 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6ce9cf

Nonce

151,344,356

Timestamp

1/24/2014, 6:45:38 AM

Confirmations

6,443,567

Merkle Root

9e35579589f4c633c72148ff358107e6e23e8784c8c34bb9779c4296f920fb2c
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.218 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12181077525400904789…51897467308711441599
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.218 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12181077525400904789…51897467308711441599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.218 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12181077525400904789…51897467308711441601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.436 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
24362155050801809579…03794934617422883199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.436 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
24362155050801809579…03794934617422883201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
4.872 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
48724310101603619159…07589869234845766399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
4.872 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
48724310101603619159…07589869234845766401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
9.744 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
97448620203207238319…15179738469691532799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
9.744 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
97448620203207238319…15179738469691532801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.948 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
19489724040641447663…30359476939383065599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.948 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
19489724040641447663…30359476939383065601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,779,636 XPM·at block #6,816,948 · updates every 60s
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