Block #371,054

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/22/2014, 2:25:33 PM · Difficulty 10.4349 · 6,433,141 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
2da3347d8fa863a8c6a17e60041654b3b64464ee3f7db61b0106256202b0b499

Height

#371,054

Difficulty

10.434859

Transactions

17

Size

5.79 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6f52e6

Nonce

32,654

Timestamp

1/22/2014, 2:25:33 PM

Confirmations

6,433,141

Merkle Root

cbc4bcf73a133250c2a73d26b9ff78e1416afcd14aa79a42984fd6ecf16204bc
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.099 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10996329834319610429…69686801715897681919
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.099 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10996329834319610429…69686801715897681919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.099 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10996329834319610429…69686801715897681921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.199 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
21992659668639220859…39373603431795363839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.199 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
21992659668639220859…39373603431795363841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
4.398 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
43985319337278441718…78747206863590727679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
4.398 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
43985319337278441718…78747206863590727681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
8.797 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
87970638674556883436…57494413727181455359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
8.797 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
87970638674556883436…57494413727181455361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.759 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
17594127734911376687…14988827454362910719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.759 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
17594127734911376687…14988827454362910721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,677,614 XPM·at block #6,804,194 · updates every 60s
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