Block #369,223

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/21/2014, 6:27:58 AM · Difficulty 10.4447 · 6,438,384 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
fcd9d51317ba2229654b2c50c4cc0fa9246ad21a4014455e232f4beaffa98502

Height

#369,223

Difficulty

10.444661

Transactions

8

Size

5.18 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a71d554

Nonce

515,450

Timestamp

1/21/2014, 6:27:58 AM

Confirmations

6,438,384

Merkle Root

2fadefc81ffa3058bc75b4e5c45cc02bb1af6d68a900579692fcc568e8ce7801
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.196 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
41961140102207725247…97209848523376271359
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.196 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
41961140102207725247…97209848523376271359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.196 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
41961140102207725247…97209848523376271361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
8.392 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
83922280204415450495…94419697046752542719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
8.392 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
83922280204415450495…94419697046752542721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.678 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
16784456040883090099…88839394093505085439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.678 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
16784456040883090099…88839394093505085441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.356 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
33568912081766180198…77678788187010170879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.356 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
33568912081766180198…77678788187010170881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
6.713 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
67137824163532360396…55357576374020341759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
6.713 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
67137824163532360396…55357576374020341761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,704,886 XPM·at block #6,807,606 · updates every 60s
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