Block #368,754

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/20/2014, 10:31:05 PM · Difficulty 10.4454 · 6,433,952 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
3ea01bcca2475f1a31100f79e77edb283a2f579f5daca25d794a9a7180272f97

Height

#368,754

Difficulty

10.445414

Transactions

6

Size

1.61 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a7206a1

Nonce

183,513

Timestamp

1/20/2014, 10:31:05 PM

Confirmations

6,433,952

Merkle Root

8cb5191d9af13f51ba45d9b25caffbccf175740196e6b5f3891625f72e562b04
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.109 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
31092451107770725443…00801952188734136319
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.109 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
31092451107770725443…00801952188734136319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.109 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
31092451107770725443…00801952188734136321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
6.218 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
62184902215541450886…01603904377468272639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
6.218 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
62184902215541450886…01603904377468272641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.243 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
12436980443108290177…03207808754936545279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.243 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
12436980443108290177…03207808754936545281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.487 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
24873960886216580354…06415617509873090559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.487 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
24873960886216580354…06415617509873090561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.974 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
49747921772433160708…12831235019746181119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.974 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
49747921772433160708…12831235019746181121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,665,673 XPM·at block #6,802,705 · updates every 60s
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