Block #368,383

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/20/2014, 4:57:59 PM · Difficulty 10.4409 · 6,456,546 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
fa8b347e60caeec0cc041a466e6684ad0163cb431697e446c9c4ab951d4ab540

Height

#368,383

Difficulty

10.440892

Transactions

9

Size

2.26 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a70de49

Nonce

3,011

Timestamp

1/20/2014, 4:57:59 PM

Confirmations

6,456,546

Merkle Root

347292ce27d6d6fca912947e7a66ff317ea900d2d39f38f5e157ff1530ec8c44
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.389 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
23895414699966978075…17098724926354882559
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.389 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
23895414699966978075…17098724926354882559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.389 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
23895414699966978075…17098724926354882561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.779 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
47790829399933956151…34197449852709765119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.779 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
47790829399933956151…34197449852709765121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
9.558 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
95581658799867912303…68394899705419530239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
9.558 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
95581658799867912303…68394899705419530241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.911 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
19116331759973582460…36789799410839060479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.911 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
19116331759973582460…36789799410839060481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.823 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
38232663519947164921…73579598821678120959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.823 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
38232663519947164921…73579598821678120961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,843,508 XPM·at block #6,824,928 · updates every 60s
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