Block #3,668,550

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 5/2/2020, 10:02:12 PM · Difficulty 10.8837 · 3,139,577 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
0f53dc971278c87c04d267ed057f0e39ed2291f5f5b97c754878186adda76019

Height

#3,668,550

Difficulty

10.883657

Transactions

6

Size

2.91 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ae23759

Nonce

1,065,877,859

Timestamp

5/2/2020, 10:02:12 PM

Confirmations

3,139,577

Merkle Root

98e06766f1dbf9b13c8d8a2bfad2a97c3d3187fa1c32a439de07990b2aca34ba
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.996 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
79962939897532188357…49892528267128408399
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.996 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
79962939897532188357…49892528267128408399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.996 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
79962939897532188357…49892528267128408401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.599 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15992587979506437671…99785056534256816799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.599 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15992587979506437671…99785056534256816801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.198 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
31985175959012875342…99570113068513633599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.198 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
31985175959012875342…99570113068513633601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
6.397 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
63970351918025750685…99140226137027267199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
6.397 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
63970351918025750685…99140226137027267201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.279 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12794070383605150137…98280452274054534399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.279 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12794070383605150137…98280452274054534401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,709,057 XPM·at block #6,808,126 · updates every 60s
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