Block #366,431

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/19/2014, 9:53:04 AM · Difficulty 10.4308 · 6,449,921 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
23b201e6daab32c9861b1e01e6cfe8cfc0774ad6f5020a05c00656d1083de344

Height

#366,431

Difficulty

10.430849

Transactions

6

Size

1.88 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6e4c1f

Nonce

8,568

Timestamp

1/19/2014, 9:53:04 AM

Confirmations

6,449,921

Merkle Root

2920e7a1eba24eb496d3a4b8c7e06839707abc02e69fca5b60ea098b1f59964a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.365 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
13653210285071968467…64333465390668708699
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.365 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
13653210285071968467…64333465390668708699
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.365 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
13653210285071968467…64333465390668708701
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.730 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
27306420570143936935…28666930781337417399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.730 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
27306420570143936935…28666930781337417401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
5.461 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
54612841140287873870…57333861562674834799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
5.461 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
54612841140287873870…57333861562674834801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.092 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10922568228057574774…14667723125349669599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.092 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10922568228057574774…14667723125349669601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.184 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
21845136456115149548…29335446250699339199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.184 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
21845136456115149548…29335446250699339201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,774,933 XPM·at block #6,816,350 · updates every 60s
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