Block #364,438

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/18/2014, 1:55:54 AM · Difficulty 10.4211 · 6,475,214 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
ac14b61360ba79e601bed70cff9fa85f616d7312f2bc490df6e09459200a83c6

Height

#364,438

Difficulty

10.421125

Transactions

7

Size

2.77 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6bced8

Nonce

117,874

Timestamp

1/18/2014, 1:55:54 AM

Confirmations

6,475,214

Merkle Root

314764d6211d92d6c5fbb3aca762f6c89df4c2c890b85d9790b1cc5ad0ff9611
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.372 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
43720028453699816108…94109817487130844159
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.372 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
43720028453699816108…94109817487130844159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.372 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
43720028453699816108…94109817487130844161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
8.744 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
87440056907399632217…88219634974261688319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
8.744 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
87440056907399632217…88219634974261688321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.748 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
17488011381479926443…76439269948523376639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.748 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
17488011381479926443…76439269948523376641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.497 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
34976022762959852886…52878539897046753279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.497 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
34976022762959852886…52878539897046753281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
6.995 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
69952045525919705773…05757079794093506559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
6.995 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
69952045525919705773…05757079794093506561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,961,513 XPM·at block #6,839,651 · updates every 60s
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