Block #362,956

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/17/2014, 1:58:56 AM · Difficulty 10.4152 · 6,440,321 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
4ed747342062d3923113ff7b46148787b741c1177e750e808ac2d46843b8d04f

Height

#362,956

Difficulty

10.415164

Transactions

14

Size

4.17 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6a4836

Nonce

176,706

Timestamp

1/17/2014, 1:58:56 AM

Confirmations

6,440,321

Merkle Root

1c9a314d4e90350097f2da1ad60e55fdcf96c94661c7051da8a493a781dd421a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.100 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
81007656363445690334…90763707284109117439
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
8.100 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
81007656363445690334…90763707284109117439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
8.100 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
81007656363445690334…90763707284109117441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.620 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
16201531272689138066…81527414568218234879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.620 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
16201531272689138066…81527414568218234881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.240 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
32403062545378276133…63054829136436469759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.240 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
32403062545378276133…63054829136436469761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
6.480 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
64806125090756552267…26109658272872939519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
6.480 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
64806125090756552267…26109658272872939521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.296 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
12961225018151310453…52219316545745879039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.296 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
12961225018151310453…52219316545745879041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,670,242 XPM·at block #6,803,276 · updates every 60s
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