Block #361,817

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/16/2014, 7:46:15 AM · Difficulty 10.4092 · 6,433,894 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
f58f27cbe222ca7590990ba6088992e3baca5156f2f45d584106e6bc4caf9304

Height

#361,817

Difficulty

10.409181

Transactions

11

Size

4.31 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a68c012

Nonce

10,132

Timestamp

1/16/2014, 7:46:15 AM

Confirmations

6,433,894

Merkle Root

1486cf2e72b4996ca279ef5d18637444dfeb0afc92ded323178a7934de7fac41
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.226 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12263054376559712186…86755565720443609599
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.226 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12263054376559712186…86755565720443609599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.226 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
12263054376559712186…86755565720443609601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.452 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24526108753119424372…73511131440887219199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.452 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24526108753119424372…73511131440887219201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
4.905 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
49052217506238848745…47022262881774438399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
4.905 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
49052217506238848745…47022262881774438401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
9.810 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
98104435012477697490…94044525763548876799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
9.810 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
98104435012477697490…94044525763548876801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.962 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
19620887002495539498…88089051527097753599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.962 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
19620887002495539498…88089051527097753601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,609,761 XPM·at block #6,795,710 · updates every 60s
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