Block #360,631

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/15/2014, 1:44:52 PM · Difficulty 10.3966 · 6,437,751 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
771a784b6f4f4a41b05e8a38490ce86da691235ba4815a4298e632e90c55c749

Height

#360,631

Difficulty

10.396607

Transactions

6

Size

1.89 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a658806

Nonce

4,611

Timestamp

1/15/2014, 1:44:52 PM

Confirmations

6,437,751

Merkle Root

22de3ffdd71978de7415d5b9d5b7f82a0760c41768f3d8b1ea2d61edb7964cde
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.535 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
85354198559960566130…09628858273204551679
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
8.535 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
85354198559960566130…09628858273204551679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
8.535 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
85354198559960566130…09628858273204551681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.707 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17070839711992113226…19257716546409103359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.707 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17070839711992113226…19257716546409103361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.414 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
34141679423984226452…38515433092818206719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.414 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
34141679423984226452…38515433092818206721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
6.828 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
68283358847968452904…77030866185636413439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
6.828 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
68283358847968452904…77030866185636413441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.365 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13656671769593690580…54061732371272826879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.365 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13656671769593690580…54061732371272826881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,631,062 XPM·at block #6,798,381 · updates every 60s
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