Block #359,284

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/14/2014, 4:19:15 PM · Difficulty 10.3888 · 6,434,903 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
61f584c7bbab7dec00f8af67c5704efee3981680a34919d1dc255d81e1fbbf59

Height

#359,284

Difficulty

10.388756

Transactions

6

Size

1.31 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a638586

Nonce

64,006

Timestamp

1/14/2014, 4:19:15 PM

Confirmations

6,434,903

Merkle Root

90ad4742b8bbfc8c8293018866cc3d168b1f19976443ce5d29b7e47f3cb5b0b9
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.426 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
44262527182654430353…84687806943733664359
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.426 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
44262527182654430353…84687806943733664359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.426 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
44262527182654430353…84687806943733664361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
8.852 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
88525054365308860706…69375613887467328719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
8.852 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
88525054365308860706…69375613887467328721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.770 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17705010873061772141…38751227774934657439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.770 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17705010873061772141…38751227774934657441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.541 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
35410021746123544282…77502455549869314879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.541 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
35410021746123544282…77502455549869314881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
7.082 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
70820043492247088565…55004911099738629759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
7.082 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
70820043492247088565…55004911099738629761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,597,518 XPM·at block #6,794,186 · updates every 60s
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