Block #359,096

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/14/2014, 1:33:09 PM · Difficulty 10.3861 · 6,432,323 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
9da8243c2c0e75c67bc1949e37409c9b03ede2a2071793ca70da7d64a4a5df6c

Height

#359,096

Difficulty

10.386061

Transactions

11

Size

2.99 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a62d4e9

Nonce

31,822

Timestamp

1/14/2014, 1:33:09 PM

Confirmations

6,432,323

Merkle Root

d849bd6183cbd7965323efa97f3c74fb4bdaf921bc8ca46db6bfd90375c9bbbf
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.004 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
70045154651177785759…07590914146551607649
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.004 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
70045154651177785759…07590914146551607649
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.004 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
70045154651177785759…07590914146551607651
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.400 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
14009030930235557151…15181828293103215299
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.400 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
14009030930235557151…15181828293103215301
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.801 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
28018061860471114303…30363656586206430599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.801 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
28018061860471114303…30363656586206430601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.603 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
56036123720942228607…60727313172412861199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.603 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
56036123720942228607…60727313172412861201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.120 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
11207224744188445721…21454626344825722399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.120 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
11207224744188445721…21454626344825722401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,575,289 XPM·at block #6,791,418 · updates every 60s
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