Block #359,055

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/14/2014, 1:04:09 PM · Difficulty 10.3825 · 6,444,837 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
473b27e6270e22f244eeac368152d091e11614bda6740e0b84e7b3d3623dc675

Height

#359,055

Difficulty

10.382546

Transactions

9

Size

45.42 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a61ee89

Nonce

43,609

Timestamp

1/14/2014, 1:04:09 PM

Confirmations

6,444,837

Merkle Root

ef41e3ad971887996bf18948a7f400f2a02a5104f6d04e7d771fe3567f233999
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.903 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
59031049039794560124…27139153626512424959
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.903 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
59031049039794560124…27139153626512424959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.903 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
59031049039794560124…27139153626512424961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.180 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
11806209807958912024…54278307253024849919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.180 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
11806209807958912024…54278307253024849921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.361 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
23612419615917824049…08556614506049699839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.361 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
23612419615917824049…08556614506049699841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.722 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
47224839231835648099…17113229012099399679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.722 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
47224839231835648099…17113229012099399681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
9.444 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
94449678463671296199…34226458024198799359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
9.444 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
94449678463671296199…34226458024198799361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,675,180 XPM·at block #6,803,891 · updates every 60s
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