Block #358,373

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/14/2014, 1:14:11 AM · Difficulty 10.3881 · 6,432,857 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
59e489658fce0e9a2bf36a5941b79bc1ff21e47b3a8051664cb6880cbb8bb6b6

Height

#358,373

Difficulty

10.388058

Transactions

6

Size

2.29 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6357c6

Nonce

47,501

Timestamp

1/14/2014, 1:14:11 AM

Confirmations

6,432,857

Merkle Root

cab23300038acae7b6e9e6c5239d55d5060aec3545a146aaaebe7af22b6fa70f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.476 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
44766580527278317045…59442793149971425279
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.476 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
44766580527278317045…59442793149971425279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.476 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
44766580527278317045…59442793149971425281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
8.953 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
89533161054556634091…18885586299942850559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
8.953 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
89533161054556634091…18885586299942850561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.790 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
17906632210911326818…37771172599885701119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.790 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
17906632210911326818…37771172599885701121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.581 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
35813264421822653636…75542345199771402239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.581 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
35813264421822653636…75542345199771402241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
7.162 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
71626528843645307273…51084690399542804479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
7.162 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
71626528843645307273…51084690399542804481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,573,774 XPM·at block #6,791,229 · updates every 60s
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