Block #357,296

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/13/2014, 7:53:06 AM · Difficulty 10.3832 · 6,456,935 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
ea7adb5fe2c6a6a10dd8e6785286ee8dc7d91e901b11a24f52a4e501a891da45

Height

#357,296

Difficulty

10.383190

Transactions

7

Size

2.33 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6218c4

Nonce

208,794

Timestamp

1/13/2014, 7:53:06 AM

Confirmations

6,456,935

Merkle Root

8f96669b4b293a0cc62551d33c4db24dd75442703a5453f524d0215f5e4ff913
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.986 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
39860106619413466197…17596711290802683199
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.986 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
39860106619413466197…17596711290802683199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.986 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
39860106619413466197…17596711290802683201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
7.972 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
79720213238826932394…35193422581605366399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
7.972 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
79720213238826932394…35193422581605366401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.594 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15944042647765386478…70386845163210732799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.594 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15944042647765386478…70386845163210732801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.188 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
31888085295530772957…40773690326421465599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.188 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
31888085295530772957…40773690326421465601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
6.377 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
63776170591061545915…81547380652842931199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
6.377 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
63776170591061545915…81547380652842931201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,757,919 XPM·at block #6,814,230 · updates every 60s
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