Block #356,760

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/12/2014, 11:06:03 PM · Difficulty 10.3820 · 6,451,993 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
957fc7c05d547dafca831a45874879e7c79d35aef8576a0ae6a8b0cf2adccde8

Height

#356,760

Difficulty

10.382046

Transactions

8

Size

2.24 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a61cdbd

Nonce

52,289

Timestamp

1/12/2014, 11:06:03 PM

Confirmations

6,451,993

Merkle Root

0d00f0b916197a1cdadd4987c2539a3cb5bce7298dc7f566ae253c11dc10075c
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.158 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
51585753374313829050…91737405180677173759
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.158 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
51585753374313829050…91737405180677173759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.158 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
51585753374313829050…91737405180677173761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.031 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10317150674862765810…83474810361354347519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.031 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
10317150674862765810…83474810361354347521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.063 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
20634301349725531620…66949620722708695039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.063 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
20634301349725531620…66949620722708695041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.126 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
41268602699451063240…33899241445417390079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.126 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
41268602699451063240…33899241445417390081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
8.253 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
82537205398902126480…67798482890834780159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
8.253 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
82537205398902126480…67798482890834780161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,714,072 XPM·at block #6,808,752 · updates every 60s
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