Block #356,374

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/12/2014, 5:10:02 PM · Difficulty 10.3783 · 6,433,664 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
0cd8c3a2704904a7850b9c1617bdf7a9ee8e66bb6d0352f30d29872992ec10bd

Height

#356,374

Difficulty

10.378270

Transactions

8

Size

2.63 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a60d64e

Nonce

175,866

Timestamp

1/12/2014, 5:10:02 PM

Confirmations

6,433,664

Merkle Root

26415bd797473a8776e835ebc780c45970e985f6ff8416d87e0c8809c5499e75
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.915 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
49156886532709952900…94771102379686238719
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.915 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
49156886532709952900…94771102379686238719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.915 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
49156886532709952900…94771102379686238721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
9.831 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
98313773065419905800…89542204759372477439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
9.831 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
98313773065419905800…89542204759372477441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.966 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19662754613083981160…79084409518744954879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.966 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19662754613083981160…79084409518744954881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.932 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
39325509226167962320…58168819037489909759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.932 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
39325509226167962320…58168819037489909761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
7.865 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
78651018452335924640…16337638074979819519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
7.865 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
78651018452335924640…16337638074979819521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,564,285 XPM·at block #6,790,037 · updates every 60s