Block #355,762

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/12/2014, 8:48:35 AM · Difficulty 10.3641 · 6,439,703 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
e3731994531e9d9f2e29bec88bbca2e09b67e2bf276e86b2207e63aaf26cab31

Height

#355,762

Difficulty

10.364130

Transactions

7

Size

1.67 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5d379a

Nonce

204,180

Timestamp

1/12/2014, 8:48:35 AM

Confirmations

6,439,703

Merkle Root

ad43839739660a3cbd6f1378237f8fa1dab918b05e1829851f0789c86b2ff026
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.999 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
39990533605378736621…28772950147681991679
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.999 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
39990533605378736621…28772950147681991679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.999 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
39990533605378736621…28772950147681991681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
7.998 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
79981067210757473242…57545900295363983359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
7.998 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
79981067210757473242…57545900295363983361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.599 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
15996213442151494648…15091800590727966719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.599 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
15996213442151494648…15091800590727966721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.199 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
31992426884302989297…30183601181455933439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.199 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
31992426884302989297…30183601181455933441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
6.398 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
63984853768605978594…60367202362911866879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
6.398 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
63984853768605978594…60367202362911866881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,607,779 XPM·at block #6,795,464 · updates every 60s
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