Block #355,141

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/11/2014, 11:14:30 PM · Difficulty 10.3570 · 6,436,277 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
251d9db06b5fc193005f444f929c15dd5cde95eb12bc99e170b4bf20516dca4b

Height

#355,141

Difficulty

10.357000

Transactions

6

Size

2.02 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5b6452

Nonce

39,348

Timestamp

1/11/2014, 11:14:30 PM

Confirmations

6,436,277

Merkle Root

4bde82da22f6631332322c478d1e63915814ab7550b3a4e3dec6e332e76faaf9
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.722 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
97226722216240572283…80875310289795127019
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
9.722 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
97226722216240572283…80875310289795127019
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
9.722 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
97226722216240572283…80875310289795127021
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.944 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19445344443248114456…61750620579590254039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.944 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19445344443248114456…61750620579590254041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.889 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
38890688886496228913…23501241159180508079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.889 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
38890688886496228913…23501241159180508081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
7.778 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
77781377772992457826…47002482318361016159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
7.778 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
77781377772992457826…47002482318361016161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.555 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
15556275554598491565…94004964636722032319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.555 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
15556275554598491565…94004964636722032321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,575,281 XPM·at block #6,791,417 · updates every 60s
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