Block #352,465

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/10/2014, 8:41:48 AM · Difficulty 10.3086 · 6,465,476 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
dcc6a2b441f23d6dd6848b6c330a3fda13de08646a3cd8602c68953655a72497

Height

#352,465

Difficulty

10.308616

Transactions

21

Size

7.79 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a4f016e

Nonce

139,572

Timestamp

1/10/2014, 8:41:48 AM

Confirmations

6,465,476

Merkle Root

a76be904ff8dc1c467937f3c48f8e0fb85c770ec9bb295cda283b2ab561cc921
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.582 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
55826470884308064868…37922612145525850359
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.582 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
55826470884308064868…37922612145525850359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.582 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
55826470884308064868…37922612145525850361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.116 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
11165294176861612973…75845224291051700719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.116 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
11165294176861612973…75845224291051700721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.233 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
22330588353723225947…51690448582103401439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.233 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
22330588353723225947…51690448582103401441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.466 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
44661176707446451894…03380897164206802879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.466 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
44661176707446451894…03380897164206802881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
8.932 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
89322353414892903789…06761794328413605759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
8.932 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
89322353414892903789…06761794328413605761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,787,594 XPM·at block #6,817,940 · updates every 60s
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