Block #352,426

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/10/2014, 8:11:42 AM · Difficulty 10.3073 · 6,451,127 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
a21d1a985eb347af5e378e150e00bab66c24a833f5a3b51ae6914183219dcdcc

Height

#352,426

Difficulty

10.307278

Transactions

25

Size

7.06 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a4ea9ca

Nonce

4,604

Timestamp

1/10/2014, 8:11:42 AM

Confirmations

6,451,127

Merkle Root

838307b9018f60c3c302993a824b3f6025da689a309855698945158b2292c3cd
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.479 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
34793440423179702996…48632309271186034799
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.479 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
34793440423179702996…48632309271186034799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.479 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
34793440423179702996…48632309271186034801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
6.958 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
69586880846359405993…97264618542372069599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
6.958 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
69586880846359405993…97264618542372069601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.391 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
13917376169271881198…94529237084744139199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.391 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
13917376169271881198…94529237084744139201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.783 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
27834752338543762397…89058474169488278399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.783 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
27834752338543762397…89058474169488278401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
5.566 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
55669504677087524794…78116948338976556799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
5.566 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
55669504677087524794…78116948338976556801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,672,455 XPM·at block #6,803,552 · updates every 60s
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