Block #351,692

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/9/2014, 8:48:27 PM · Difficulty 10.3001 · 6,466,214 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
f2ef9cc200491f7b2849e725f80742a14c06eae1f699af20732eb5b6768214da

Height

#351,692

Difficulty

10.300056

Transactions

20

Size

6.01 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a4cd07e

Nonce

6,116

Timestamp

1/9/2014, 8:48:27 PM

Confirmations

6,466,214

Merkle Root

6cd9704310aaf1aa513c12961e8988d48e7f6545a2a067bf431f1f9851cb6b90
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.293 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
32935563469896770379…30971184424271353359
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.293 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
32935563469896770379…30971184424271353359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.293 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
32935563469896770379…30971184424271353361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
6.587 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
65871126939793540759…61942368848542706719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
6.587 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
65871126939793540759…61942368848542706721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.317 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
13174225387958708151…23884737697085413439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.317 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
13174225387958708151…23884737697085413441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.634 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
26348450775917416303…47769475394170826879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.634 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
26348450775917416303…47769475394170826881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
5.269 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
52696901551834832607…95538950788341653759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
5.269 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
52696901551834832607…95538950788341653761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,787,311 XPM·at block #6,817,905 · updates every 60s
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