Block #351,509

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 1/9/2014, 6:12:02 PM · Difficulty 10.2964 · 6,438,517 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
431c90438bfeed92ff5bff26e051d8ea67902c761e770246630e29101c20be23

Height

#351,509

Difficulty

10.296410

Transactions

9

Size

2.54 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a4be185

Nonce

249,021

Timestamp

1/9/2014, 6:12:02 PM

Confirmations

6,438,517

Merkle Root

c2cdde5bd74c553b75a02d5fe45d57c4903f073f724964a7df64ad9287e27f45
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.967 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
39676906455525993877…43646046459000581121
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
3.967 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
39676906455525993877…43646046459000581121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
7.935 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
79353812911051987754…87292092918001162241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
1.587 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
15870762582210397550…74584185836002324481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
3.174 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
31741525164420795101…49168371672004648961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
6.348 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
63483050328841590203…98336743344009297921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.269 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12696610065768318040…96673486688018595841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
2.539 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
25393220131536636081…93346973376037191681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
5.078 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
50786440263073272162…86693946752074383361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.015 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
10157288052614654432…73387893504148766721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.031 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
20314576105229308865…46775787008297533441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,564,195 XPM·at block #6,790,025 · updates every 60s