Block #351,364

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/9/2014, 3:57:53 PM · Difficulty 10.2948 · 6,464,692 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
7427185c8aa4cbad0a5f3d5bc6bc2442d307c6a7940a3b0b77e97ec19b1a1688

Height

#351,364

Difficulty

10.294790

Transactions

9

Size

4.15 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a4b7755

Nonce

81,285

Timestamp

1/9/2014, 3:57:53 PM

Confirmations

6,464,692

Merkle Root

d6368c42ac58af17a68a3e5c36fc36b05909eb3da854b6f5cff9c588c9d6a1e9
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.165 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11652279123461956517…69707752827332267349
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.165 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11652279123461956517…69707752827332267349
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.165 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11652279123461956517…69707752827332267351
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.330 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
23304558246923913035…39415505654664534699
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.330 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
23304558246923913035…39415505654664534701
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
4.660 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
46609116493847826070…78831011309329069399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
4.660 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
46609116493847826070…78831011309329069401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
9.321 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
93218232987695652140…57662022618658138799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
9.321 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
93218232987695652140…57662022618658138801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.864 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18643646597539130428…15324045237316277599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.864 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18643646597539130428…15324045237316277601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,772,563 XPM·at block #6,816,055 · updates every 60s
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