Block #3,506,408

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/9/2020, 7:21:58 AM · Difficulty 10.9305 · 3,311,564 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
61e283e3489cc1c5f5fd2e2ea34e8436f1d66cac392d5431483de449022ed789

Height

#3,506,408

Difficulty

10.930509

Transactions

6

Size

31.35 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aee35db

Nonce

1,295,799,724

Timestamp

1/9/2020, 7:21:58 AM

Confirmations

3,311,564

Merkle Root

96ad2e1115324d19b28a75cb07aab61165dbef05326ee70601bf06d33fcae26f
Transactions (6)
1 in → 1 out8.7100 XPM110 B
50 in → 1 out49.9200 XPM7.28 KB
50 in → 1 out49.9200 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out361.7606 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out49.9200 XPM7.27 KB
14 in → 1 out13.9700 XPM2.07 KB
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.730 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
67300431931678304402…24932562682316670719
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
6.730 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
67300431931678304402…24932562682316670719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
6.730 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
67300431931678304402…24932562682316670721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.346 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13460086386335660880…49865125364633341439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.346 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13460086386335660880…49865125364633341441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.692 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
26920172772671321760…99730250729266682879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.692 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
26920172772671321760…99730250729266682881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.384 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
53840345545342643521…99460501458533365759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.384 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
53840345545342643521…99460501458533365761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.076 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10768069109068528704…98921002917066731519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.076 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10768069109068528704…98921002917066731521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,787,846 XPM·at block #6,817,971 · updates every 60s
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