Block #3,506,400

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/9/2020, 7:13:41 AM · Difficulty 10.9305 · 3,336,726 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
a0e524c68f3d3d0d3ee75f1bd3fa0af43cf62c4f2e71e79956acce294bd6fa18

Height

#3,506,400

Difficulty

10.930510

Transactions

9

Size

46.28 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aee35e9

Nonce

590,446,913

Timestamp

1/9/2020, 7:13:41 AM

Confirmations

3,336,726

Merkle Root

293bf73614e26b38313c383ee3b358a5b929e322ec3a53887c148cb81261a556
Transactions (9)
1 in → 1 out8.8800 XPM110 B
50 in → 1 out50.0003 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out50.0071 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out50.0131 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out50.0036 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out1476.3043 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out50.0103 XPM7.27 KB
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.964 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
49649654334707319611…77587461963767750399
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.964 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
49649654334707319611…77587461963767750399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.964 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
49649654334707319611…77587461963767750401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
9.929 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
99299308669414639222…55174923927535500799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
9.929 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
99299308669414639222…55174923927535500801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.985 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19859861733882927844…10349847855071001599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.985 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
19859861733882927844…10349847855071001601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.971 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
39719723467765855689…20699695710142003199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.971 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
39719723467765855689…20699695710142003201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
7.943 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
79439446935531711378…41399391420284006399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
7.943 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
79439446935531711378…41399391420284006401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,989,374 XPM·at block #6,843,125 · updates every 60s
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