Block #3,505,624

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/8/2020, 6:40:01 PM · Difficulty 10.9302 · 3,331,450 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
36a10d02ec956815ec5b6fccc74a0933331cb43f21406d1480ed96a16ba97717

Height

#3,505,624

Difficulty

10.930172

Transactions

11

Size

72.90 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aee1fbb

Nonce

840,289,349

Timestamp

1/8/2020, 6:40:01 PM

Confirmations

3,331,450

Merkle Root

f6de26a77ede7a144ec4cc62be1af4f833004a83b686a2a7ec732a7f8006d20e
Transactions (11)
1 in → 1 out9.1600 XPM110 B
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out1963.2000 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.27 KB
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.444 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14447413973442578557…98384338779990589439
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.444 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14447413973442578557…98384338779990589439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.444 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14447413973442578557…98384338779990589441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.889 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
28894827946885157114…96768677559981178879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.889 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
28894827946885157114…96768677559981178881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
5.778 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
57789655893770314228…93537355119962357759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
5.778 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
57789655893770314228…93537355119962357761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.155 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11557931178754062845…87074710239924715519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.155 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11557931178754062845…87074710239924715521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.311 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
23115862357508125691…74149420479849431039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.311 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
23115862357508125691…74149420479849431041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,940,894 XPM·at block #6,837,073 · updates every 60s
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