Block #3,505,465

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 1/8/2020, 3:55:30 PM · Difficulty 10.9303 · 3,328,028 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
371bce9a198754c14fb7db5bbd1147b3ff6fc8cbb12a9a9b54f9a4205fb7bd3f

Height

#3,505,465

Difficulty

10.930298

Transactions

21

Size

145.57 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aee2804

Nonce

744,731,660

Timestamp

1/8/2020, 3:55:30 PM

Confirmations

3,328,028

Merkle Root

0844b62ba50b626ecf2c3e8603c8a2f13725c053f19cd07a1703ff88c2860f2e
Transactions (21)
1 in → 1 out9.9600 XPM109 B
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out1963.2000 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out199.9200 XPM7.27 KB
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.617 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
86175202721114110864…88351947277791383841
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.617 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
86175202721114110864…88351947277791383841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.723 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
17235040544222822172…76703894555582767681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.447 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
34470081088445644345…53407789111165535361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
6.894 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
68940162176891288691…06815578222331070721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.378 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13788032435378257738…13631156444662141441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.757 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
27576064870756515476…27262312889324282881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.515 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
55152129741513030953…54524625778648565761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.103 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
11030425948302606190…09049251557297131521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.206 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
22060851896605212381…18098503114594263041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.412 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
44121703793210424762…36197006229188526081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,912,148 XPM·at block #6,833,492 · updates every 60s
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