Block #3,503,916

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 1/7/2020, 1:20:06 PM · Difficulty 10.9308 · 3,339,115 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
09c95bd219642488b25bb725a2f0eff00be2fe55a03a8d1219d245a16d5324a9

Height

#3,503,916

Difficulty

10.930843

Transactions

4

Size

776 B

Version

2

Bits

0aee4bb8

Nonce

1,111,108,179

Timestamp

1/7/2020, 1:20:06 PM

Confirmations

3,339,115

Merkle Root

6a22a809f34606b7bd691f85e079e9b3aff936704e799f9e86c26b73e9c80250
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.581 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
15819682274934715071…19810279567196487681
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.581 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
15819682274934715071…19810279567196487681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
3.163 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
31639364549869430143…39620559134392975361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
6.327 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
63278729099738860286…79241118268785950721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.265 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12655745819947772057…58482236537571901441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.531 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
25311491639895544114…16964473075143802881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
5.062 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
50622983279791088229…33928946150287605761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.012 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10124596655958217645…67857892300575211521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.024 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20249193311916435291…35715784601150423041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
4.049 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
40498386623832870583…71431569202300846081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
8.099 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
80996773247665741166…42863138404601692161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,988,603 XPM·at block #6,843,030 · updates every 60s
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