Block #3,503,524

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 1/7/2020, 6:54:07 AM · Difficulty 10.9308 · 3,323,557 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
4e4a270bc706f3fa8a55b24418e91f37d4b87e9d814192eed75ee86e29cf1eb6

Height

#3,503,524

Difficulty

10.930777

Transactions

11

Size

72.89 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aee4768

Nonce

403,631,761

Timestamp

1/7/2020, 6:54:07 AM

Confirmations

3,323,557

Merkle Root

5597ac1e95bfbcdeffb86e661ca43e58a58b9228ca35c9ebd64bce4434e94dd6
Transactions (11)
1 in → 1 out9.1600 XPM110 B
50 in → 1 out495.1045 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out499.5645 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out412.9672 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out410.7058 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out411.8818 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out499.9199 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out417.5989 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out414.0798 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out458.8904 XPM7.27 KB
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.435 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
64351399151711717840…42928156197680550481
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.435 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
64351399151711717840…42928156197680550481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.287 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
12870279830342343568…85856312395361100961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.574 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25740559660684687136…71712624790722201921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.148 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
51481119321369374272…43425249581444403841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.029 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10296223864273874854…86850499162888807681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.059 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
20592447728547749708…73700998325777615361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.118 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
41184895457095499417…47401996651555230721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
8.236 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
82369790914190998835…94803993303110461441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.647 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
16473958182838199767…89607986606220922881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.294 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
32947916365676399534…79215973212441845761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,860,833 XPM·at block #6,827,080 · updates every 60s
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