Block #3,503,466

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 1/7/2020, 5:59:36 AM · Difficulty 10.9307 · 3,335,150 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
1c02d0715dc0eabbab5365cb402792e68562c5cdfc7424726ee715e6b02b65b4

Height

#3,503,466

Difficulty

10.930717

Transactions

11

Size

72.89 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aee437c

Nonce

491,780,171

Timestamp

1/7/2020, 5:59:36 AM

Confirmations

3,335,150

Merkle Root

4aa86e5ff120a7cc9a95784491b5710699424b9cc78bc05b55f50a1cf11cc3a4
Transactions (11)
1 in → 1 out9.1600 XPM110 B
50 in → 1 out499.9200 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out499.9200 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out499.9200 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out499.9200 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out499.9200 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out499.9200 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out5889.0400 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out499.9200 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out499.9200 XPM7.27 KB
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.090 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10907877161913165101…33843865539694643201
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.090 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10907877161913165101…33843865539694643201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.181 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
21815754323826330202…67687731079389286401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.363 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
43631508647652660404…35375462158778572801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.726 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
87263017295305320808…70750924317557145601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.745 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
17452603459061064161…41501848635114291201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.490 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
34905206918122128323…83003697270228582401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.981 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
69810413836244256646…66007394540457164801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.396 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
13962082767248851329…32014789080914329601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.792 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
27924165534497702658…64029578161828659201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
5.584 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
55848331068995405317…28059156323657318401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,953,215 XPM·at block #6,838,615 · updates every 60s
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