Block #350,168

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/8/2014, 8:48:13 PM · Difficulty 10.2879 · 6,453,873 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
a5dc8cf8a028a172357c2dd447e41fb39b10292812b1142e656d757855e56cd3

Height

#350,168

Difficulty

10.287949

Transactions

7

Size

1.45 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a49b704

Nonce

60,649

Timestamp

1/8/2014, 8:48:13 PM

Confirmations

6,453,873

Merkle Root

f5f9602358938146a7e4b4002a9c9c94a9fc85f0a4c6dbe4151b4acc51b539db
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.044 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
10444485042973273326…27368008615516083699
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.044 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
10444485042973273326…27368008615516083699
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.044 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
10444485042973273326…27368008615516083701
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.088 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
20888970085946546653…54736017231032167399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.088 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
20888970085946546653…54736017231032167401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
4.177 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
41777940171893093307…09472034462064334799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
4.177 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
41777940171893093307…09472034462064334801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
8.355 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
83555880343786186614…18944068924128669599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
8.355 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
83555880343786186614…18944068924128669601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.671 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
16711176068757237322…37888137848257339199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.671 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
16711176068757237322…37888137848257339201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,676,381 XPM·at block #6,804,040 · updates every 60s
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