Block #350,091

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/8/2014, 7:20:34 PM · Difficulty 10.2892 · 6,459,960 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
33e7973c9cdbe2a42b45de7a0b7c13a0a1554133bef7e97465c2538d28186cc3

Height

#350,091

Difficulty

10.289183

Transactions

13

Size

4.17 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a4a07e1

Nonce

14,134

Timestamp

1/8/2014, 7:20:34 PM

Confirmations

6,459,960

Merkle Root

d51c9f08e66bd8bcfbb9d6c813341f4c8c149548d1837dca783cf27e126446d3
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.096 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
20965432618947163415…02459491680305660899
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.096 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
20965432618947163415…02459491680305660899
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.096 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
20965432618947163415…02459491680305660901
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.193 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
41930865237894326831…04918983360611321799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.193 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
41930865237894326831…04918983360611321801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
8.386 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
83861730475788653663…09837966721222643599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
8.386 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
83861730475788653663…09837966721222643601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.677 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
16772346095157730732…19675933442445287199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.677 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
16772346095157730732…19675933442445287201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.354 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
33544692190315461465…39351866884890574399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.354 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
33544692190315461465…39351866884890574401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,724,481 XPM·at block #6,810,050 · updates every 60s
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