Block #349,533

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/8/2014, 11:48:23 AM · Difficulty 10.2741 · 6,457,423 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
6f015d0b56024bfe42b706e70c263f7e035797868c3bd1897cf297bf61020524

Height

#349,533

Difficulty

10.274087

Transactions

9

Size

2.89 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a462a90

Nonce

66,388

Timestamp

1/8/2014, 11:48:23 AM

Confirmations

6,457,423

Merkle Root

b95c3dc8b60ede9f10171d07aa74c8fe4ec01e62b9d8276eb363e652d80d3a04
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.415 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24154998615890602446…76139445598792949989
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.415 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24154998615890602446…76139445598792949989
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.415 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24154998615890602446…76139445598792949991
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.830 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
48309997231781204892…52278891197585899979
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.830 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
48309997231781204892…52278891197585899981
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
9.661 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
96619994463562409785…04557782395171799959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
9.661 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
96619994463562409785…04557782395171799961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.932 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
19323998892712481957…09115564790343599919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.932 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
19323998892712481957…09115564790343599921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.864 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
38647997785424963914…18231129580687199839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.864 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
38647997785424963914…18231129580687199841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
7.729 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
77295995570849927828…36462259161374399679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11

Approximately 1 in 1,000 blocks. Noteworthy discoveries.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,699,746 XPM·at block #6,806,955 · updates every 60s
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