Block #348,797

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/8/2014, 12:33:36 AM · Difficulty 10.2653 · 6,456,425 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
6457174c82260015eeccbd2c470d3d3c0fc6dff6d824a5b61260edecf6198c52

Height

#348,797

Difficulty

10.265265

Transactions

20

Size

5.41 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a43e860

Nonce

119,447

Timestamp

1/8/2014, 12:33:36 AM

Confirmations

6,456,425

Merkle Root

043295f1d4a7203a84f4f7ea33828b9207615c6743194d3e5a9a30e6832f81fd
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.444 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
24445362789343323194…10157314553731907639
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.444 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
24445362789343323194…10157314553731907639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.444 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
24445362789343323194…10157314553731907641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.889 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
48890725578686646388…20314629107463815279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.889 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
48890725578686646388…20314629107463815281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
9.778 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
97781451157373292776…40629258214927630559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
9.778 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
97781451157373292776…40629258214927630561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.955 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
19556290231474658555…81258516429855261119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.955 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
19556290231474658555…81258516429855261121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.911 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
39112580462949317110…62517032859710522239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.911 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
39112580462949317110…62517032859710522241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,685,850 XPM·at block #6,805,221 · updates every 60s
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