Block #347,953

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/7/2014, 12:36:19 PM · Difficulty 10.2461 · 6,450,181 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
808df180938a5c60ecbee60ce86902e01f73dd70dbd5e05c198aff35e1d742c8

Height

#347,953

Difficulty

10.246066

Transactions

12

Size

2.89 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a3efe35

Nonce

14,867

Timestamp

1/7/2014, 12:36:19 PM

Confirmations

6,450,181

Merkle Root

f5f1498071169de72916c7790c04efed33c3998b0f02d82dd671bb12f6340469
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.829 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
28291450537470929280…81152024159808334079
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.829 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
28291450537470929280…81152024159808334079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.829 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
28291450537470929280…81152024159808334081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
5.658 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
56582901074941858561…62304048319616668159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
5.658 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
56582901074941858561…62304048319616668161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.131 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11316580214988371712…24608096639233336319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.131 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11316580214988371712…24608096639233336321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.263 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
22633160429976743424…49216193278466672639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.263 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
22633160429976743424…49216193278466672641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.526 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
45266320859953486848…98432386556933345279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.526 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
45266320859953486848…98432386556933345281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,629,077 XPM·at block #6,798,133 · updates every 60s
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