Block #346,780

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/6/2014, 6:28:55 PM · Difficulty 10.2333 · 6,447,783 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
94f628cd76bd5eb4fe9163bf2e360a79ca45ad7f79eb77301fa2c1ff587c9a8b

Height

#346,780

Difficulty

10.233265

Transactions

14

Size

7.66 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a3bb745

Nonce

171,122

Timestamp

1/6/2014, 6:28:55 PM

Confirmations

6,447,783

Merkle Root

2508df6ecc99a1f2d2330613ca39681d07a831bff8adc0e7f75d104390aff041
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.753 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
37535989994858712302…07198757010956580999
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.753 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
37535989994858712302…07198757010956580999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.753 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
37535989994858712302…07198757010956581001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
7.507 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
75071979989717424604…14397514021913161999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
7.507 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
75071979989717424604…14397514021913162001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.501 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15014395997943484920…28795028043826323999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.501 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
15014395997943484920…28795028043826324001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.002 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
30028791995886969841…57590056087652647999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.002 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
30028791995886969841…57590056087652648001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
6.005 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
60057583991773939683…15180112175305295999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
6.005 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
60057583991773939683…15180112175305296001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,600,547 XPM·at block #6,794,562 · updates every 60s
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