Block #346,630

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/6/2014, 4:17:22 PM · Difficulty 10.2304 · 6,446,066 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
b48dd215e1462ba87590be15d07696334be726b260087aa22763f346fdd8f8ab

Height

#346,630

Difficulty

10.230376

Transactions

10

Size

8.94 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a3af9f3

Nonce

30,532

Timestamp

1/6/2014, 4:17:22 PM

Confirmations

6,446,066

Merkle Root

d3fe29154dbcd492a7d211811e3027e99b28574845f2ce0df8a28f12738364f4
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.449 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
74496303463887480408…69440613558591194409
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.449 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
74496303463887480408…69440613558591194409
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.449 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
74496303463887480408…69440613558591194411
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.489 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
14899260692777496081…38881227117182388819
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.489 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
14899260692777496081…38881227117182388821
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.979 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
29798521385554992163…77762454234364777639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.979 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
29798521385554992163…77762454234364777641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.959 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
59597042771109984326…55524908468729555279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.959 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
59597042771109984326…55524908468729555281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.191 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
11919408554221996865…11049816937459110559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.191 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
11919408554221996865…11049816937459110561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,585,543 XPM·at block #6,792,695 · updates every 60s
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